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Jardín de oriente
''Jardín de oriente'' (''Garden of the Orient'') is an opera in one act composed by Joaquín Turina to a Spanish-language libretto by Gregorio Martínez Sierra and his wife María Lejárraga. It premiered at the Teatro Real in Madrid on 6 March 1923. The story is set in the palace and gardens of a North African sultan and recounts the love story between one of the sultan's wives and the man who defeats him in battle.
==Background and performance history==
''Jardín de oriente'' was the third of Turina's three operas, and the second to be staged.〔Turina's first opera, ''La sulamita'', was`composed circa 1897 to a libretto by Pedro Balgañón but never staged.〕 Gregorio Martínez Sierra had also written the libretto for Turina's second opera ''Margot'', and although his wife was not credited on the printed libretto for ''Margot'', she had a significant input on that as well, particularly on the depiction of the female characters.〔Marco, Tomás (1993). (''Spanish Music in the Twentieth Century'' ), pp. 38–39. Harvard University Press〕〔Rodrigo, Antonina and Hoyo, Arturo del 1992). (''María Lejárraga: Una mujer en la sombra'' ), pp. 151-153. EDAF〕
Turina began the composition of ''Jardin'' on 1 March 1922 and finished it on October 1922, with the final orchestration completed on 24 January 1923. The opera premiered at the Teatro Real in Madrid the following March in a production designed by José Olalla with the orchestra conducted by Arturo Saco del Valle. The work has only been rarely performed since then. There was a fully staged revival at the Teatro de la Zarzuela in Madrid in 1982 to mark the 100th anniversary of Turina's birth, and a performance in concert version at the Auditorio Nacional in Madrid in 1999 marking the 50th anniversary of Turina's death.〔Franco, Enrique (23 February 1982). ("A 50 años de su estreno vuelve 'Jardín de Oriente', de Turina" ). ''El País''. Retrieved 18 November 2014 〕〔(Op. 25 Jardín de Oriente. Ópera en un acto. (1922) ). joaquinturina.com. Retrieved 18 November 2014 .〕
There are no complete recordings of the opera but Turina's piano transcription of the dance ("La Danza") has been recorded by Albert Guinovart for Harmonia Mundi (1996) and Antonio Soria for Edicions Albert Moraleda (1998).〔
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